Injectable solution at ph 7 comprising at least one basal insulin the pi of which is between 5.8 and 8.5 and a substituted co-polyamino acid

ABSTRACT

A composition in the form of an injectable aqueous solution, the pH of which is between 6.0 and 8.0, including at least (a) a basal insulin, the isoelectric point pI of which is between 5.8 and 8.5; and (b) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and substituted with hydrophobic radicals. In one embodiment, the compositions also include a prandial insulin and/or a gut hormone.

The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/737,353, filed Jan. 9, 2013, incorporated hereinby reference in its entirety.

The invention relates to therapies by injection of insulin(s) fortreating diabetes.

Insulin therapy, or therapy for diabetes by injection of insulin, hasexperienced remarkable progress over the past few years by virtue inparticular of the development of new insulins which offer bettercorrection of blood glucose level in patients in comparison with humaninsulin and which make it possible to simulate more closely thephysiological activity of the pancreas.

When type II diabetes is diagnosed in a patient, a gradual treatment isput in place. The patient firstly takes oral antidiabetics (OADs) suchas Metformin. When OADs alone are no longer sufficient to regulate theglucose level in the blood, a change in the treatment must be made and,depending on the patients' specificities, various treatment combinationscan be put in place. The patient can, for example, have a treatmentbased on a basal insulin of glargine or detemir type as a supplement tothe OADs, then subsequently, depending on the progression of thedisease, a treatment based on basal insulin and prandial insulin.

Moreover, today, in order to ensure the transition from treatments withOADs, when the latter are no longer able to control the glucose level inthe blood, to a basal insulin/prandial insulin treatment, the injectionof GLP-1 analogs is recommended.

GLPs-1, for Glucagon-Like Peptides-1, are insulinotropic peptides orincretins, and belong to the family of gut hormones which stimulateinsulin secretion when the blood glucose level is too high, for exampleafter a meal.

Gut hormones are also called satiety hormones. They comprise inparticular GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (Glucose-dependentinsulinotropic peptide), oxyntomodulin (a proglucagon derivative),peptide YY, amylin, cholecystokinin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP),ghrelin and enterostatin which have peptide or protein structures. Theyalso stimulate insulin secretion, in response to glucose and to fattyacids, and are therefore in this respect potential candidates for thetreatment of diabetes.

Among these gut hormones, GLPs-1 are those which have to date providedthe best results in the development of medicaments. They have enabledpatients suffering from type II diabetes to lose weight while at thesame time having a better control of their blood glucose level.

GLP-1 analogs or derivatives have thus been developed, in particular toimprove their stability.

Furthermore, to cover his daily insulin needs, a diabetic patientcurrently has, schematically, two types of insulins that havecomplementary actions: prandial insulins (or “fast-acting” insulins) andbasal insulins (or “slow-acting” insulins).

The prandial insulins allow a rapid management (metabolization and/orstorage) of the glucose taken in during meals and snacks. The patientmust inject himself with a prandial insulin before each food intake,i.e. approximately 2 to 3 injections per day. The prandial insulins mostwidely used are: recombinant human insulin, NovoLog® (insulin aspartfrom NOVO NORDISK), Humalog® (insulin lispro from ELI LILLY) and Apidra®(insulin glulisine from SANOFI-AVENTIS).

The basal insulins maintain the glycemic homeostasis of the patient,outside periods of food intake. They act essentially to block theendogenous production of glucose (hepatic glucose). The daily dose ofbasal insulin generally corresponds to 40-50% of the total daily insulinneeds. Depending on the basal insulin used, this dose is dispensed in 1or 2 injections, spread out regularly over the course of the day. Thebasal insulins most widely used are Levemir® (insulin detemir from NOVONORDISK) and Lantus® (insulin glargine from SANOFI-AVENTIS).

It will be noted, in the interests of being thorough, that NPH (NPHinsulin for Neutral Protamine Hagedorn; Humuline NPH®, Insulatard®) isthe oldest basal insulin. This formulation is the result of aprecipitation of human insulin (anionic at neutral pH) using a cationicprotein, protamine. The resulting microcrystals are dispersed in anaqueous suspension and dissolve slowly after subcutaneous injection.This slow dissolution provides a prolonged release of the insulin.However, this release does not provide a constant concentration ofinsulin over time. The release profile is bell-shaped and only lastsbetween 12 and 16 hours. It is therefore injected twice a day. This NPHbasal insulin is much less effective than the modern basal insulins,Levemir® and Lantus®. NPH is an intermediate-action basal insulin.

The principle of NPH has evolved with the appearance of the fast-actinginsulin analogs to give products called “Premix” that offer both a fastaction and an intermediate action. NovoLog Mix® (NOVO NORDISK) andHumalog Mix® (ELI LILLY) are formulations comprising a fast-actinginsulin analog, Novolog® and Humalog®, partially complexed withprotamine. These formulations thus contain insulin analog microcrystals,the action of which is termed intermediate, and an insulin componentthat has remained soluble, the action of which is fast. Theseformulations clearly offer the advantage of a fast-acting insulin, butthey also have the defect of NPH, i.e. a limited duration of action ofbetween 12 and 16 hours and an insulin with a “bell-shaped” releaseprofile. However, these products allow patients to give themselves, inone go, an injection of an intermediate-action basal insulin with afast-acting prandial insulin. As it happens, there are many patients whoare anxious to reduce their number of injections.

The basal insulins currently marketed and currently in clinicaldevelopment can be classified according to the technical solution whichmakes it possible to obtain the prolonged action, and, to date, twoapproaches are used.

The first approach, which is that of insulin detemir, is binding toalbumin in vivo. Insulin detemir is an analog, which is soluble at pH 7,and which comprises a fatty acid (tetradecanoyl) side chain attached atposition B29 which, in vivo, enables this insulin to associate withalbumin. Its prolonged action is mainly due to this affinity for albuminafter subcutaneous injection.

However, its pharmacokinetic profile does not make it possible to covera day, which means that it is most commonly used as two injections perday.

Other basal insulins which are soluble at pH 7, such as Degludec®, arecurrently in development. Degludec® also comprises a fatty acid sidechain attached to the insulin (hexadecandioyl-γ-L-Glu).

The second approach, which is that of insulin glargine, is precipitationat physiological pH. Insulin glargine is a human insulin analog obtainedby elongation of the C-terminal part of the B chain of human insulinwith two arginine residues, and by substitution of asparagine residueA21 with a glycine residue (U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,722). The addition oftwo arginine residues was considered in order to adjust the pI(isoelectric point) of insulin glargine to physiological pH, and thusrender this human insulin analog insoluble in physiological medium.

Also, the substitution of A21 was considered in order to render insulinglargine stable at acid pH and thus to be able to formulate it in theform of an injectable solution at acid pH. During subcutaneousinjection, the passing of insulin glargine from an acid pH (pH 4-4.5) toa physiological pH (neutral pH) causes it to precipitate under the skin.The slow redissolution of the insulin glargine microparticles provides aslow and prolonged action.

The hypoglycemic effect of insulin glargine is virtually constant over aperiod of 24 hours, which enables most patients to limit themselves to asingle injection per day.

Insulin glargine is today considered to be the best basal insulin on themarket.

However, the necessarily acid pH of the formulations of basal insulins,the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, of insulinglargine type, can be a real drawback since this acid pH of the insulinglargine formulation sometimes causes pain at the injection in patientsand especially prevents any formulation with other proteins and inparticular with prandial insulins, since the latter are not stable atacid pH. The impossibility of formulating a prandial insulin at acid pHcomes from the fact that a prandial insulin undergoes, under theseconditions, a side reaction consisting of deamidation in position A21,which does not make it possible to meet the requirement of the USPharmacopeia, namely less than 5% of by-products after 4 weeks at 30° C.

Thus, no one has to date sought to solubilize these basal insulins, ofinsulin glargine type, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and8.5, at neutral pH while at the same time maintaining a difference insolubility between the in vitro medium (the container) and the in vivomedium (under the skin), independently of the pH.

From the analysis of the compositions described in the literature andthe patents, it appears that the insolubility at pH 7 of the basalinsulins, of the insulin glargine type, is a prerequisite for having aslow action.

Indeed, the principle of how basal insulins of insulin glargine type,the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, function is thatthey are soluble at acid pH and precipitate at physiological pH. Thisdiverts those skilled in the art from any solution in which the insulinof insulin glargine type would be solubilized at pH 6-8 while keepingits essential property which is that of precipitating in subcutaneousmedium.

Furthermore, this acid pH of the formulations of basal insulins, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, of insulin glarginetype, even prevents any extemporaneous combination with prandialinsulins at neutral pH.

Indeed, a recent clinical study, presented at the 69th ScientificSessions of the American Diabetes Association, New Orleans, Louisiana,Jun. 5-9, 2009, made it possible to verify this limitation of the use ofinsulin glargine. A dose of insulin glargine and a dose of prandialinsulin (in the case in point, insulin lispro) were mixed just beforeinjection (E. Cengiz et al., 2010; Diabetes care—33(5): 1009-12). Thisexperiment made it possible to demonstrate a significant delay in thepharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the prandial insulin,possibly giving rise to postprandial hyperglycemia and to nocturnalhypoglycemia. This study clearly confirms the incompatibility of insulinglargine with the fast-acting insulins currently on the market.

Moreover, the instruction leaflet for Lantus®, the commercial productbased on insulin glargine from the company SANOFI-AVENTIS, explicitlyinforms users not to mix with a solution of prandial insulin, whateverit may be, owing to the serious risk of modifying the pharmacokineticsand the pharmacodynamics of the insulin glargine and/or of the prandialinsulin mixed together.

However, from a therapeutic point of view, it has been demonstrated, asillustrated hereinafter, that treatments combining either an insulinglargine and a prandial insulin, or an insulin glargine and a GLP-1analog, are of real interest.

As regards the combination of an insulin glargine and a prandialinsulin, clinical studies made public during the 70th annual scientificsessions of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) of 2010, abstract2163-PO and abstract number 0001-LB, in particular those carried out bythe company SANOFI-AVENTIS, showed that treatments which combineLantus®, insulin glargine and a prandial insulin are much more effectivethan treatments based on products of the “Premix” type, Novolog Mix® orHumalog Mix®.

As regards the combination of an insulin glargine and a GLP-1 analog,the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved, in October 2011, theinjection of exenatide (Byetta®, AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS, Inc. and ELILILLY and Company) as therapy supplementing insulin glargine forpatients suffering from type II diabetes who are not able to achievecontrol of their blood glucose level with the basal insulin analogalone.

It so happens, owing to the fact that the very principle, set out above,of basal insulins, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and8.5, is that they are soluble at acid pH and precipitate atphysiological pH, all the solutions proposed for combining them withother products, such as prandial insulins or GLP-1 analogs orderivatives, are based on tests for solubilization of the prandialinsulins or GLP-1 analogs or derivatives at acid pH, see for exampleWO2007/121256, WO2009/021955, WO2011/144673, WO2011/147980 or elseWO2009/063072.

For example, as regards the combinations of insulin glargine andfast-acting insulin, the company BIODEL has described, in particular inpatent application U.S. Pat. No. 7,718,609, compositions comprising abasal insulin and a prandial insulin at a pH of between 3.0 and 4.2 inthe presence of a chelating agent and of polyacids. This patent teacheshow to make compatible a prandial insulin at acid pH in the presence ofinsulin glargine. It does not teach how to prepare a combination ofinsulin of insulin glargine type and of a prandial insulin at neutralpH.

Likewise by way of example, as regards the solubilization of insulinglargine at neutral pH and the combinations with a GLP-1 analog, mentionwill be made of patent application WO2011/144676 published on Nov. 24,2011, in the name of SANOFI-AVENTIS, which describes formulations, at pH9.5, of glargine with the cyclodextrin SVE4-f3-CYD in which thesolubility of glargine is improved from 0.75 mM to 1.25 mM. Thisapplication also mentions compositions additionally comprising a GLP-1,although they are not exemplified. The solubilizing effect at pH 7.4 ina phosphate buffer is mentioned. These results of solubilization at pH7.4 are described in the publication entitled “Effect of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin on bioavailability of insulin glargine and bloodglucose level after subcutaneous injection to rats” (InternationalJournal of Pharmaceutics, 419 (2011), 71-76) in FIG. 3A. The sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin improves the solubility of the insulin glargine atpH 7.4 from 5 μM to 8 μM, which is of no therapeutic interest, since thecommercial concentration of insulin glargine is 600 μM (100 IU/ml). Theproblem has thus not been satisfactorily solved by the inventiondescribed in this patent application.

To our knowledge, a formulation which is stable at physiological pH,comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, alone or in combination with a prandial insulin and/or agut hormone, in which the solubility of the insulin is sufficient for atherapeutic treatment, has therefore never been described.

The present invention, by solving this problem of solubility at a pHbetween 6.6 and 7.8, makes it possible:

-   -   to propose an injectable composition, intended for the treatment        of diabetes, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point        of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, in the form of a homogeneous        solution at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8, while at the same time        retaining its biological activity and its action profile;

to propose an injectable composition in the form of a homogeneoussolution at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8, also comprising a combinationof a basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and8.5, and of a prandial insulin without modification of the activityprofile of the prandial insulin which is soluble at pH 6-8 and unstableat acid pH, while at the same time maintaining the slow action profilespecific to the basal insulin;

-   -   to propose an injectable composition in the form of a        homogeneous solution at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8, also        comprising a combination of a basal insulin, the isoelectric        point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and of a gut hormone        derivative or analog, such as GLP-1 or glucagon-like peptide-1,    -   to reduce the number of injections in the context of the        treatment of diabetes,    -   for said compositions to comply with the requirements of the US        and European Pharmacopeias.

Surprisingly, the compositions according to the invention make itpossible to solubilize at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 a basal insulin,the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

Surprisingly, the compositions according to the invention make itpossible to maintain the duration of the hypoglycemic activity of thebasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5,despite its solubilization at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 beforeinjection. This notable property comes from the fact that the insulin ofinsulin glargine type solubilized at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 in thecomposition of the invention precipitates in subcutaneous medium througha change in composition of the medium. The element which triggers theprecipitation of the insulin of insulin glargine type is no longer thepH modification, but a modification of the composition of theenvironment when the pharmaceutical composition passes from thecontainer to the physiological medium. Surprisingly, in the combinationsof insulin of insulin glargine type with a prandial insulin, which aresubjects of the invention, the fast action of the prandial insulin ispreserved despite the precipitation of the insulin of insulin glarginetype in subcutaneous medium.

The solution according to the invention which makes it possible tosolubilize the basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 preserves its biologicalactivity.

In the combinations of the insulin of insulin glargine type with aprandial insulin, which are subjects of the invention, the fast actionof the prandial insulin is preserved despite the precipitation of theinsulin of insulin glargine type in subcutaneous medium. Furthermore,the presence of the prandial insulin does not modify the solubility ofthe basal insulin at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 and likewise does notmodify the precipitation properties of the basal insulin.

FIG. 1 shows the results of the pharmacodynamic study obtained with acomposition according to the invention in comparison with a sequentialadministration of the same insulins. Represented in FIG. 1 are the meancurves and standard deviation of the mean for the sequentialadministrations of Humalog® (100 IU/ml) and Lantus® (100 IU/ml) (solidsquares) in comparison with the administration of a compositionaccording to the invention of co-polyamino acid 5/insulin glargine (300IU/ml)/insulin lispro (100 IU/ml) (triangles).

The invention relates to a composition in the form of an injectableaqueous solution, the pH of which is between 6.6 and 7.8, comprising atleast:

-   -   a) a basal insulin, the isoelectric point pI of which is between        5.8 and 8.5;    -   b) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and        substituted with hydrophobic groups, chosen from the        co-polyamino acids of formula I:

in which:

-   -   A independently represents either a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit)        or a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),    -   R₁ is a radical chosen from the group consisting of an H, a        linear C₂ to C₁₀ acyl group, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ acyl group, a        benzyl, a terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate,    -   R₂ is an —NR′R″ radical, R′ and R″, which may be identical or        different, being chosen from the group consisting of H, linear        or branched or cyclic C₂ to C₃₀ alkyls and benzyl, and said R′        and R″ alkyls being alkyls which can together form one or more        saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic rings which are        carbon-based and/or which can comprise heteroatoms, chosen from        the group consisting of O, N and S,    -   R′₃ is a radical chosen from the group consisting of the        radicals of formulae —OR₃, II or II′:

-   -   in which * indicates the site of attachment of the co-polyamino        acid        -   R₃ and R″₃, which may be identical or different, represent            an H or a cationic entity chosen from the group comprising            metal cations,    -   —R is a radical chosen from the group consisting of a saturated        or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can        comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can form rings        which are carbon-based or which can comprise heteroatoms, which        are saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possibly        being ortho-condensed or peri-condensed, or a radical of formula        III or III′ as defined below:

-   -   in which * indicates the site of attachment to the co-polyamino        acid, and        -   R₄, and R′₄, which may be identical or different, represent            an H, a cationic entity chosen from the group comprising            metal cations, an R″₄ radical or an R′″₄ radical, and at            least one of R₄ and R′₄ is equal to R″₄,            -   R″₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or                branched C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can comprise                heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can form rings                which are carbon-based or which can comprise                heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or                aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or                peri-condensed,            -   R′″₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or                branched C₁ to C₇ radical which can comprise heteroatoms                or a C₁ to C₇ radical which can form rings which are                carbon-based or which can comprise heteroatoms, which                are saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings                possibly being ortho-condensed or peri-condensed, and        -   B independently represents either a —CH₂— group (aspartic            unit) or a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),        -   R₅ is a radical chosen from the group consisting of an H, a            linear or    -   n/(n+m) is defined as the molar degree of grafting with        hydrophobic radical of the monomeric units and is between 1 and        50 mol %,    -   n+m represents the degree of polymerization of the co-polyamino        acid, i.e. the average number of monomeric units per chain of        co-polyamino acid, and 5≦n+m≦1000.

The co-polyamino acid is a random co-polyamino acid.

The R′₃, R₃, R″₃, R, R₄, R′₄, R″₄, R′″₄, R′, R″ and R₅ radicals and thegroups A and B are each independently identical or different from onemonomeric unit to another.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acids of formula I can alsocomprise monomeric units of formula VI and/or VI′:

In one embodiment, the co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges andsubstituted with hydrophobic groups is chosen from the co-polyaminoacids of formula IV:

in which:

-   -   the radicals or groups A, R₁, R₂, R and R₃ are defined as in        formula I.

The co-polyamino acid is a random co-polyamino acid.

The R′₃, R₃, R″₃, R, R₄, R′₄, R″₄, R′″₄, R′, R″ and R₅ radicals and thegroups A and B are each independently identical or different from onemonomeric unit to another.

In one embodiment, the co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges andsubstituted with hydrophobic groups is chosen from the co-polyaminoacids of formula IV:

in which:

-   -   A independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or a        —CH₂—CH₂-group (glutamic unit),    -   R₁ is chosen from the group consisting of an H, a linear C₂ to        C₁₀ acyl group, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ acyl group, a benzyl, a        terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate,    -   R₂ is an —NR′R″ radical, R′ and R″, which may be identical or        different, being chosen from the group consisting of H, linear        or branched or cyclic C₂ to C₁₀ alkyls and benzyl, and said R′        and R″ alkyls being alkyls which can together form saturated,        unsaturated and/or aromatic rings which are carbon-based and/or        which can comprise heteroatoms, chosen from the group consisting        of O, N and S,    -   the R₃ groups, which may be identical or different, are chosen        from the group consisting of an H or a cationic entity chosen        from the group comprising metal cations,    -   the R groups each represent, independently from one another, a        radical chosen from the radicals of general formula V or V′:

-   -   in which * indicates the site of attachment to the co-polyamino        acid, and        -   R₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched            C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to            C₃₀ radical which can form rings which are carbon-based or            which can comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated,            unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possibly being            ortho-condensed or peri-condensed,        -   B independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or            a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),        -   R₅ independently represents an H, a linear or branched C₁ to            C₄ alkyl or a benzyl group, or    -   R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ to C₃₀        radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical        which can form rings which are carbon-based or which can        comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or        aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or        peri-condensed,    -   n/(n+m) is defined as the molar degree of grafting with        hydrophobic radical of the monomeric units, and is between 1 and        50 mol %,    -   n+m represents the degree of polymerization of the co-polyamino        acid, i.e. the average number of monomeric units per chain of        co-polyamino acid, and 5≦n+m≦1000.

The co-polyamino acid is a random co-polyamino acid.

The R′₃, R₃, R″₃, R, R₄, R′₄, R″₄, R″₄, R′, R″ and R₅ radicals and thegroups A and B are each independently identical or different from onemonomeric unit to another.

In one embodiment, the co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges andsubstituted with hydrophobic groups is chosen from the co-polyaminoacids of formula IV:

in which:

-   -   A independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or a        —CH₂—CH₂-group (glutamic unit),    -   R₁ is chosen from the group consisting of an H, a linear C₂ to        C₁₀ acyl group, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ acyl group, a benzyl, a        terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate,    -   R₂ is chosen from the group consisting of:    -   a secondary amino radical —NR′R″, R′ and R″, which may be        identical or different, being chosen from the group consisting        of linear or branched or cyclic C₂ to C₁₀ alkyls and benzyl, and        said R′ and R″ alkyls being alkyls which can together form        saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic rings which are        carbon-based and/or which can comprise heteroatoms, chosen from        the group consisting of O, N and S,    -   the R₃ groups, which may be identical or different, are chosen        from the group consisting of an H or a cationic entity chosen        from the group comprising metal cations,    -   the R groups each represent, independently from one another, a        radical chosen from the radicals of general formula V or V′:

-   -   in which * indicates the site of attachment to the co-polyamino        acid, and        -   R₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched            C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to            C₃₀ radical which can form rings which are carbon-based or            which can comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated,            unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possibly being            ortho-condensed or peri-condensed,        -   B independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or            a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),        -   R₅ independently represents an H, a linear or branched C₁ to            C₄ alkyl or a benzyl group, or    -   R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ to C₃₀        radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical        which can form rings which are carbon-based or which can        comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or        aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or        peri-condensed,    -   n/(n+m) is defined as the molar degree of grafting with        hydrophobic radical of the monomeric units and is between 1 and        50 mol %,    -   n+m represents the degree of polymerization of the co-polyamino        acid, i.e. the average number of monomeric units per chain of        co-polyamino acid, and 5≦n+m≦1000.

The R′₃, R₃, R″₃, R, R₄, R′₄, R″₄, R′″₄, R′, R″ and R₅ radicals and thegroups A and B are each independently identical or different from onemonomeric unit to another.

In one embodiment, the co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges andsubstituted with hydrophobic groups is chosen from the co-polyaminoacids of formula IV:

in which:

-   -   A independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or a        —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),    -   R₁ is chosen from the group consisting of an H, a linear C₂ to        C₁₀ acyl group, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ acyl group, a benzyl, a        terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate,    -   R₂ represents an —NHR₁₁ radical in which R₁₁ is chosen from the        group consisting of an H, a linear C₂ to C₁₀ or branched C₃ to        C₁₀ alkyl, or a benzyl or a C₂ to C₃₀ acyl which is linear or        branched and which can comprise heteroatoms chosen from the        group consisting of N, O and S,    -   the R₃ groups, which may be identical or different, are chosen        from the group consisting of an H or a cationic entity chosen        from the group comprising metal cations,    -   the R groups each represent, independently from one another, a        radical chosen from the radicals of general formula V or V′:

-   -   -   in which * indicates the site of attachment to the            co-polyamino acid, and            -   R₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or                branched C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can comprise                heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can form rings                which are carbon-based or which can comprise                heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or                aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or                peri-condensed,        -   B independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or            a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit),        -   R₅ independently represents an H, a linear or branched C₁ to            C₄ alkyl or a benzyl group, or

    -   R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ to C₃₀        radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical        which can form rings which are carbon-based or which can        comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or        aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or        peri-condensed,

    -   n/(n+m) is defined as the molar degree of grafting with        hydrophobic radical of the monomeric units and is between 1 and        50 mol %,

    -   n+m represents the degree of polymerization of the co-polyamino        acid, i.e. the average number of monomeric units per chain of        co-polyamino acid, and 5≦n+m≦1000.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the group A is a —CH₂—group (aspartic unit).

When the co-polyamino acid consists of aspartic units, they can undergostructural rearrangements.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acids of formula I or IV can alsocomprise monomeric units of formula VI″ and/or VI′:

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the group A is a—CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit).

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R is chosen from thegroup of radicals derived from hydrophobic alcohols.

The R radical derived from a hydrophobic alcohol is obtained by reactionof an alcohol function of the hydrophobic alcohol and a carboxylic acidfunction of the co-polyamino acid.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from alcohols consisting of anunsaturated or saturated alkyl chain comprising from 8 to 18 carbons.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the group consisting of the radicals derived from myristylalcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from cholesterol derivatives.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from tocopherol alcohols.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from alcohols bearing an aryl group.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from benzyl alcohol or phenylethylalcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the co-polyamino acids of formula I, in which R is a radicalderived from lauryl alcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from tocopherol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from cholesterol.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the group R is a radicalof -L-R′″ type, the R′″ radical being derived from a hydrophobic acidand the L radical being a linker arm comprising from 2 to 10 carbons,which is linear or branched or which can comprise heteroatoms chosenfrom the group consisting of N, O and S, derived from a diol, from adiamine or from an amino alcohol.

The radical derived from a hydrophobic acid is derived from the reactionof the acid function of the hydrophobic acid and of an alcohol or aminefunction of the diamine, of the diol or of the amino alcohol.

The radical L is derived, on the one hand, from the reaction of the acidfunction of the hydrophobic acid and of an alcohol or amine function ofthe diamine, of the diol or of the amino alcohol and, on the other hand,from the reaction between a carboxylic acid function of the co-polyaminoacid and an alcohol or amine function of the diamine, of the diol or ofthe amino alcohol.

In one embodiment, the hydrophobic acids are chosen from the groupconsisting of fatty acids.

In one embodiment, the fatty acids are chosen from the group consistingof linear fatty acids.

In one embodiment, the linear fatty acids are chosen from the groupconsisting of caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid,nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, palmiticacid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, tricosanoic acid,lignoceric acid, heptacosanoic acid and octacosanoic acid.

In one embodiment, the fatty acids are chosen from the group consistingof unsaturated fatty acids.

In one embodiment, the unsaturated fatty acids are chosen from the groupconsisting of myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, elaidicacid, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.

In one embodiment, the fatty acids are chosen from the group consistingof bile acids and derivatives thereof.

In one embodiment, the bile acids and derivatives thereof are chosenfrom the group consisting of cholic acid, dehydrocholic acid,deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid.

In one embodiment, the diamines are chosen from the group consisting ofethylenediamine and lysine and its derivatives.

In one embodiment, the diamines are chosen from the group consisting ofdiethylene glycol diamine and triethylene glycol diamine.

In one embodiment, the diols are chosen from the group consisting ofglycerol, diglycerol and triglycerol.

In one embodiment, the dialcohols are chosen from the group consistingof diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol.

In one embodiment, the amino alcohols are chosen from the groupconsisting of ethanolamine, 2-aminopropanol, isopropanolamine,3-amino-1,2-propanediol, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine,tromethamine (Tris) and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol.

In one embodiment, the alcohol amines are chosen from the groupconsisting of reduced amino acids.

In one embodiment, the reduced amino acids are chosen from the groupconsisting of alaninol, valinol, leucinol, isoleucinol, prolinol,phenylalaninol, serinol and threoninol.

In one embodiment, the alcohol amines are chosen from the groupconsisting of charged amino acids.

In one embodiment, the charged amino acids are chosen from the groupconsisting of serine and threonine.

In one embodiment, L is a trivalent radical.

In one embodiment, L is a trivalent radical chosen from the groupconsisting of triamines, dialcohol amines, diamine alcohols and diamineacids.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R₂ is —N-morpholyl.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I, in which the R₂ group is a radicalderived from an amino acid and is chosen from the radicals of formulaVII:

in which:

-   -   R₆ is —OH, —OR₉ or —NHR₁₀ and    -   R₇, R′₇, R″₇, R₈, R′₈, R″₈, R₉ and R₁₀, which may be identical        or different, independently represent an H, a linear C₂ to C₁₀        alkyl, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ alkyl or a benzyl, with 0≦p≦3,        0≦q≦3, 0≦r≦3 and 1≦p+q+r≦10.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R₄, R′₄ and/or R″₄,which may be identical or different, are chosen from the group ofradicals derived from hydrophobic alcohols.

The radicals derived from hydrophobic alcohols are as defined above, andare obtained by reaction of an acid function borne by a precursor of aradical of formula III, III′, V or V′, and the alcohol function of thehydrophobic alcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from alcohols consisting of anunsaturated or saturated alkyl chain comprising from 8 to 18 carbons.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the group consisting of the radicals derived from myristylalcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from cholesterol derivatives.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from tocopherols.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from alcohols bearing an aryl group.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the radicals derived from benzyl alcohol or phenethylalcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols ischosen from the co-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R is aradical derived from lauryl alcohol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from cholesterol.

In one embodiment, the radical derived from hydrophobic alcohols is aradical derived from tocopherol.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the R₅ group is anisobutyl radical.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the R₅ group is an H.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which the R₅ group is chosenfrom the group consisting of methyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl and benzylradicals.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 5 and500.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 5 and250.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 5 and100.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 5 and 50.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 5 and 25.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 10 and500.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n+m is between 15 and250.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n/(n+m) is between 1 and30 mol %.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n/(n+m) is between 1 and20 mol %.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n/(n+m) is between 1 and10 mol %.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which n/(n+m) is between 1 and5 mol %.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is derived from a polyaminoacid obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a glutamic acidN-carboxyanhydride derivative or of an aspartic acid N-carboxyanhydridederivative.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is derived from a polyaminoacid obtained by polymerization of a glutamic acid N-carboxyanhydridederivative or of an aspartic acid N-carboxyanhydride derivative asdescribed in the review article Adv. Polym. Sci. 2006, 202, 1-18(Deming, T. J.).

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is derived from a polyaminoacid obtained by polymerization of a glutamic acid N-carboxyanhydridederivative or of an aspartic acid N-carboxyanhydride derivative using asinitiator an organometallic complex of a transition metal as describedin the publication Nature 1997, 390, 386-389 (Deming, T. J.).

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is derived from a polyaminoacid obtained by polymerization of a glutamic acid N-carboxyanhydridederivative or of an aspartic acid N-carboxyanhydride derivative using asinitiator aqueous ammonia or a primary amine as described in patent FR2,801,226 (Touraud, F. et al.) and the references cited in this patent.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is derived from a polyaminoacid obtained by polymerization of a glutamic acid N-carboxyanhydridederivative or of an aspartic acid N-carboxyanhydride derivative using asinitiator hexamethyldisilazane as described in the publication J. Am.Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 14114-14115 (Lu H. et al.) or a silylated amine asdescribed in the publication J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130. 12562-12563(Lu H. et al.).

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is obtained by peptidesynthesis on a support using a peptide synthesizer.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is obtained by liquid-phasepeptide synthesis.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is obtained by grafting ahydrophobic group on to a poly-L-glutamic acid or poly-L-aspartic acidusing the processes for forming an amide bond that are well known tothose skilled in the art.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention ischaracterized in that the co-polyamino acid is obtained by grafting ahydrophobic group on to a poly-L-glutamic acid or poly-L-aspartic acidas described in patent FR 2,840,614 (Ping, C. U. et al.).

The expression “basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5” is intended to mean an insulin which is unsoluble at pH 7and the duration of action of which is between 8 and 24 hours or more inthe standard diabetes models.

These basal insulins, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and8.5, are recombinant insulins of which the primary structure has beenmodified mainly by introducing basic amino acids such as arginine orlysine. They are described, for example, in the following patents,patent applications or publications: WO 2003/053339, WO 2004/096854,U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,722 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,100,376, the content ofwhich is incorporated by way of reference.

In one embodiment, the basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which isbetween 5.8 and 8.5, is insulin glargine.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebetween 40 and 500 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise100 IU/ml (i.e. approximately 3.6 mg/ml) of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise200 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise300 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise400 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise500 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio between the basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and the substitutedco-polyamino acid, i.e. the substituted co-polyamino acid/basal insulin,is between 0.2 and 30.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 15.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 10.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 4.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 3.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 2.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is between 0.2 and 1.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio is equal to 1.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 100 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 80 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 60 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 40 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 20 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 10 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise a prandial insulin. The prandial insulins are soluble at pH 7.

The term “prandial insulin” is intended to mean an insulin termedfast-acting or “regular”.

The prandial insulins termed fast-acting are insulins which must respondto the needs caused by the ingestion of proteins and carbohydratesduring a meal; they must act in less than 30 minutes.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin termed “regular” is humaninsulin.

In one embodiment, the insulin is a recombinant human insulin asdescribed in the European Pharmacopeia and the US Pharmacopeia.

The human insulin is, for example, sold under the brands Humulin (ELILILLY) and Novolin® (NOVO NORDISK).

The prandial insulins termed fast-acting are insulins which are obtainedby recombination and the primary structure of which has been modified soas to reduce their acting time.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulins termed fast-acting are chosenfrom the group comprising insulin lispro (Humalog®), insulin glulisine(Apidra®) and insulin aspart (NovoLog®).

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin lispro.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin glulisine.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin aspart.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total between 40 and 800 IU/ml of insulin with a combination ofprandial insulin and basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which isbetween 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total between 40 and 500 IU/ml of insulin with a combination ofprandial insulin and basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which isbetween 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 800 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 700 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 600 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 500 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 400 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 300 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 200 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 100 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisein total 40 IU/ml of insulin with a combination of prandial insulin andbasal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

The proportions between the basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5, and the prandial insulin are, for example,as a percentage, 25/75, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, 80/20 or90/10 for formulations as described above comprising from 40 to 800IU/ml. However, any other proportion can be prepared.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise a gut hormone.

The term “gut hormones” is intended to mean hormones chosen from thegroup consisting of GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP(Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide), oxyntomodulin (a proglucagonderivative), peptide YY, amylin, cholecystokinin, pancreatic polypeptide(PP), ghrelin and enterostatin, their analogs or derivatives and/ortheir pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

In one embodiment, the gut hormones are GLP-1 analogs or derivativeschosen from the group consisting of exenatide or Byetta®, developed byELI LILLY & CO and AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS, liraglutide or Victoza®developed by NOVO NORDISK, or lixisenatide or Lyxumia® developed bySANOFI-AVENTIS, their analogs or derivatives and their pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is exenatide or Byetta®, its analogsor derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is liraglutide or Victoza®, itsanalogs or derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is lixisenatide or Lyxumia® itsanalogs or derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

The term “analog”, when it is used with reference to a peptide or aprotein, is intended to mean a peptide or a protein in which one or moreconstituent amino acid residues have been substituted with other aminoacid residues and/or in which one or more constituent amino acidresidues have been deleted and/or in which one or more constituent aminoacid residues have been added. The percentage homology accepted for thepresent definition of an analog is 50%.

The term “derivative”, when it is used with reference to a peptide or aprotein, is intended to mean a peptide or a protein or an analog whichhas been chemically modified with a substituent which is not present inthe reference peptide or protein or analog, i.e. a peptide or a proteinwhich has been modified by creating covalent bonds, so as to introducesubstituents.

In one embodiment, the substituent is chosen from the group consistingof fatty chains.

In one embodiment, the concentration of gut hormone is included in arange of from 0.01 to 10 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of exenatide, its analogs orderivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts is included in arange of from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of liraglutide, its analogs orderivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts is included in arange of from 1 to 10 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the concentration of lixisenatide, its analogs orderivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts is included in arange of from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention areprepared by mixing commercial solutions of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and commercialsolutions of GLP-1 or of GLP-1 analog or derivative in volume ratiosincluded in a range of from 10/90 to 90/10.

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention comprisesa daily dose of basal insulin and a daily dose of gut hormone.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebetween 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and between 0.05 and 0.5 mg/ml ofexenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebetween 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebetween 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml oflixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise500 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise500 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise500 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise400 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise400 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise400 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise300 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise300 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise300 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise200 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise200 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise200 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise100 IU/ml (i.e. approximately 3.6 mg/ml) of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise100 IU/ml (i.e. approximately 3.6 mg/ml) of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise100 IU/ml (i.e. approximately 3.6 mg/ml) of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml of exenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, and from 1 to 10 mg/ml of liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprise40 IU/ml of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml of lixisenatide.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 0 and 5000 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 0 and 4000 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 0 and 3000 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 0 and 2000 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 0 and 1000 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 50 and 600 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 100 and 500 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise zinc salts at a concentration of between 200 and 500 μM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise buffers.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebuffers at concentrations of between 0 and 100 mM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisebuffers at concentrations of between 15 and 50 mM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention comprisea buffer chosen from the group consisting of a phosphate buffer, Tris(trishydroxymethylaminomethane) or sodium citrate.

In one embodiment, the buffer is sodium phosphate.

In one embodiment, the buffer is Tris (trishydroxymethylaminomethane).

In one embodiment, the buffer is sodium citrate.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise preservatives.

In one embodiment, the preservatives are chosen from the groupconsisting of m-cresol and phenol, alone or as a mixture.

In one embodiment, the concentration of the preservatives is between 10and 50 mM.

In one embodiment, the concentration of the preservatives is between 10and 40 mM.

In one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention alsocomprise a surfactant.

In one embodiment, the surfactant is chosen from the group consisting ofpropylene glycol or polysorbate.

The compositions according to the invention can also comprise additivessuch as tonicity agents.

In one embodiment, the tonicity agents are chosen from the groupconsisting of glycerol, sodium chloride, mannitol and glycine.

The compositions according to the invention can also comprise all theexcipients which are in accordance with the pharmacopeias and arecompatible with the insulins used at the concentrations for use.

The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical formulation according tothe invention, which is obtained by drying and/or lyophilization.

In the case of local and systemic releases, the modes of administrationenvisioned are intravenous, subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular.

Transdermal, oral, nasal, vaginal, ocular, buccal and pulmonary routesof administration are also envisioned.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 6.6 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 6.6 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and a prandial insulin.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 6.6 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and a gut hormone, as definedpreviously.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 6.6 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5, a prandial insulin and a gut hormone,as defined previously.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5, and a prandial insulin.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5, and a gut hormone, as defined previously.

The invention also relates to single-dose formulations at a pH ofbetween 7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point ofwhich is between 5.8 and 8.5, a prandial insulin and a gut hormone, asdefined previously.

In one embodiment, the single-dose formulations also comprise asubstituted co-polyamino acid as defined previously.

In one embodiment, the formulations are in the form of an injectablesolution.

In one embodiment, the basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which isbetween 5.8 and 8.5, is insulin glargine.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is human insulin.

In one embodiment, the insulin is a recombinant human insulin asdescribed in the European Pharmacopeia and the US Pharmacopeia.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is chosen from the groupcomprising insulin lispro (Humalog®), insulin glulisine (Apidra®) andinsulin aspart (NovoLog®).

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin lispro.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin glulisine.

In one embodiment, the prandial insulin is insulin aspart.

In one embodiment, the GLP-1 or GLP-1 analog or derivative is chosenfrom the group comprising exenatide (Byetta®) liraglutide (Victoza®),lixisenatide (Lyxumia®) or one of their derivatives.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is exenatide.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is liraglutide.

In one embodiment, the gut hormone is lixisenatide.

The solubilization, at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8, of the basalinsulins, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, by thesubstituted co-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, can be simplyobserved and controlled, with the naked eye, through a change inappearance of the solution.

The solubilization, at a pH of between 7 and 7.8, of the basal insulins,the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, by thesubstituted co-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, can be simplyobserved and controlled, with the naked eye, through a change inappearance of the solution.

Moreover and just as importantly, the applicant was able to verify thata basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5,solubilized at a pH of between 6.6 and 7.8 in the presence of asubstituted co-polyamino acid of formula I or IV, had lost nothing ofits slow insulin action, either alone or in combination with a prandialinsulin or a gut hormone.

The applicant was also able to verify that a prandial insulin mixed at apH of between 6.6 and 7.8 in the presence of a co-polyamino acid offormula I or IV and of a basal insulin, the isoelectric point of whichis between 5.8 and 8.5, had lost nothing of its fast insulin action.

The preparation of a composition according to the invention has theadvantage of being able to be carried out by simply mixing an aqueoussolution of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, and a substituted co-polyamino acid of formula I or IV, inaqueous solution or in lyophilized form. If necessary, the pH of thepreparation is adjusted to pH 7.

The preparation of a composition according to the invention has theadvantage of being able to be carried out by simply mixing an aqueoussolution of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, a solution of prandial insulin, and a substituted co-polyaminoacid of formula I or IV, in aqueous solution or in lyophilized form. Ifnecessary, the pH of the preparation is adjusted to pH 7.

The preparation of a composition according to the invention has theadvantage of being able to be carried out by simply mixing an aqueoussolution of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, a solution of GLP-1 or a GLP-1 analog or derivative, and asubstituted co-polyamino acid of formula I or IV, in aqueous solution orin lyophilized form. If necessary, the pH of the preparation is adjustedto pH 7.

The preparation of a composition according to the invention has theadvantage of being able to be carried out by simply mixing an aqueoussolution of basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, a solution of prandial insulin, a solution of GLP-1 or a GLP-1analog or derivative, and a substituted co-polyamino acid of formula Ior IV, in aqueous solution or in lyophilized form. If necessary, the pHof the preparation is adjusted to pH 7.

In one embodiment, the mixture of basal insulin and substitutedco-polyamino acid is concentrated by ultrafiltration before mixing withthe prandial insulin in aqueous solution or in lyophilized form.

If necessary, the composition of the mixture is adjusted in terms ofexcipients such as glycerol, m-cresol, zinc chloride and polysorbate(Tween′) by addition of concentrated solutions of these excipients tothe mixture. If necessary, the pH of the preparation is adjusted to 7.

EXAMPLES Part A Synthesis of the Co-Polyamino Acids

TABLE 1 List of the co-polyamino acids synthesized Degree of Co-poly-polymer- Degree of amino ization grafting acid No. Formula (n + m)(n/(n + m)) 1

 40   9%

2 5 7

200  20 200  10%   5%   5%

3

 20   4%

4

 20   3%

6

 20 1.5%

8

200   5%

Example 1 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Dilauryl Aspartate

Co-Polyamino Acid 1

A polymer of poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamic acid with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 40 is synthesized from glutamic acidγ-benzyl N-carboxyanhydride according to the process described in thepublication J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 12562-12563 (Lu H. et al.)using N-trimethylsilylmorpholine as initiator. The degree ofpolymerization is estimated by ¹H NMR by comparing the integration ofthe chain-end signals originating from the initiator with that of thesignals originating from the repeating unit. The average degree ofpolymerization is 40.

To hydrolyze the benzyl esters, 10 g of polymer are refluxed for 16 h ina THF/MeOH mixture in the presence of 1N sodium hydroxide. After areturn to room temperature, a white solid is isolated by filtration andanalyzed by ¹H NMR. The solid obtained is dissolved in water, acidifiedon an anionic Purolite resin and then lyophilized in order to generatethe corresponding poly-L-glutamic acid. Dilauryl aspartate,para-toluenesulfonic acid salt is prepared according to the processdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,818 (Kenji M. et al.).

2 g of poly-L-glutamic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) are solubilized inDMF and then cooled to 0° C. 0.5 g (0.8 mmol) of dilauryl aspartate,para-toluenesulfonic acid salt is suspended in DMF. 0.08 g (0.8 mmol) oftriethylamine is then added to this suspension. Once the solution ofpolymer is at 0° C., 1.73 g (17.1 mmol) of NMM and 1.85 g (17.1 mmol) ofEtOCOCI are added. After reaction for 10 min, the dilauryl aspartatesolution is added and the medium is maintained at 10° C. for 45 minutes.The medium is then gradually heated to 50° C. At 30° C., 40 ml of anaqueous solution of imidazole at 100 g/I and 25 ml of water are added.After stirring for 1 h 30, the solution obtained is ultrafiltered on a 5kD PES membrane against a solution of 0.9% NaCl, 0.01N sodium hydroxideand water. The solution is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis indeuterated trifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine thedegree of acid functions converted into amide of dilauryl aspartate.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting with dilaurylaspartate of the acids per monomer is 9%.

Example 2 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Alpha-Tocopherol

Co-Polyamino Acid 2

2 g of poly-L-glutamic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 200 are synthesized by means of aprocess similar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-glutamic acid is modified with alpha-tocopherol (SIGMA)according to the process described in patent FR 2,840,614 (Ping, C. U.et al.).

The solution of sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with alpha-tocopherolwhich is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis in deuteratedtrifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine the degree ofacid functions converted into alpha-tocopherol ester.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting withalpha-tocopherol of the acids per monomer is 10%.

Example 3 Sodium Co-Polyaspartate Modified with Dilauryl Aspartate

Co-Polyamino Acid 3

The dilauryl aspartate, para-toluenesulfonic acid salt is preparedaccording to the process described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,818 (Kenji M.et al.).

2 g of poly-L-aspartic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 20 are synthesized by means of a processsimilar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-aspartic acid is modified with dilauryl aspartate accordingto the process described in example 1.

The solution of sodium polyaspartate modified with dilauryl aspartatethat is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis in deuteratedwater is carried out in order to determine the degree of acid functionsconverted into amide of dilauryl aspartate.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting with dilaurylaspartate of the acids per monomer is 4%.

Example 4 Sodium Co-Polyaspartate Modified with Cholesteryl Leucinate

Co-Polyamino Acid 4

The cholesteryl leucinate, para-toluenesulfonic acid salt is preparedaccording to the process described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,818 (Kenji M.et al.).

2 g of poly-L-aspartic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 20 are synthesized by means of a processsimilar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-aspartic acid is modified with cholesteryl leucinate by meansof a process similar to that described in example 1.

The solution of sodium poly-L-aspartate modified with cholesterylleucinate that is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis indeuterated water is carried out in order to determine the degree of acidfunctions converted into amide of cholesteryl leucinate.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting with cholesterylleucinate of the acids per monomer is 3%.

Example 5 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Alpha-Tocopherol

Co-Polyamino Acid 5

2 g of poly-L-glutamic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 20 are synthesized by means of a processsimilar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-glutamic acid is modified with alpha-tocopherol (SIGMA)according to the process described in patent FR 2,840,614 (Ping, C. U.et al.).

The solution of sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with alpha-tocopherolthat is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis in deuteratedtrifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine the degree ofacid functions converted into alpha-tocopherol ester.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting withalpha-tocopherol of the acids per monomer is 5%.

Example 6 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Cholesteryl Leucinate

Co-Polyamino Acid 6

The cholesteryl leucinate, para-toluenesulfonic acid salt is preparedaccording to the process described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,818 (Kenji M.et al.).

2 g of poly-L-glutamic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 20 are synthesized by means of a processsimilar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-glutamic acid is modified with the cholesteryl leucinateneutralized beforehand with triethylamine according to the processdescribed in patent FR 2,840,614 (Ping, C. U. et al.).

The solution of sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with cholesterylleucinate that is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis indeuterated trifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine thedegree of acid functions converted into alpha-tocopherol ester.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting with cholesterylleucinate of the acids per monomer is 1.5%.

Example 7 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Alpha-Tocopherol

Co-Polyamino Acid 7

2 g of poly-L-glutamic acid (15.5 mmol of monomer) with a degree ofpolymerization of approximately 200 are synthesized by means of aprocess similar to that described in example 1.

The poly-L-glutamic acid is modified with alpha-tocopherol (SIGMA)according to the process described in patent FR 2,840,614 (Ping, C. U.et al.).

The solution of sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with alpha-tocopherolthat is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis in deuteratedtrifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine the degree ofacid functions converted into alpha-tocopherol ester.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting withalpha-tocopherol of the acids per monomer is 5%.

Example 8 Sodium Co-Polyglutamate Modified with Alpha-Tocopherol

Co-Polyamino Acid 8

A polymer of poly-L-glutamic acid with a degree of polymerization ofapproximately 200 is synthesized from glutamic acid γ-benzylN-carboxyanhydride using hexylamine as initiator according to theprocess described in patent FR 2,801,226 (Thouraud, F. et al.).

The sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with alpha-tocopherol (SIGMA) isobtained according to the process described in patent FR 2,840,614(Ping, C. U. et al.).

The solution of sodium poly-L-glutamate modified with alpha-tocopherolthat is obtained is lyophilized and a ¹H NMR analysis in deuteratedtrifluoroacetic acid is carried out in order to determine the degree ofacid functions converted into alpha-tocopherol ester.

According to the ¹H NMR: the molar degree of grafting withalpha-tocopherol of the acids per monomer is 5%.

Part B Demonstration of the Properties of the Compositions According tothe Invention Example B1 Solution of Fast-Acting Insulin Analog(NovoLog®) at 100 IU/ml

This solution is a commercial solution of insulin aspart sold by thecompany NOVO NORDISK under the name NovoLog® in the United States ofAmerica and Novorapid® in Europe. This product is a fast-acting insulinanalog.

Example B2 Solution of Fast-Acting Insulin Analog (Humalog®) at 100IU/ml

This solution is a commercial solution of insulin lispro sold by thecompany ELI LILLY under the name Humalog®. This product is a fast-actinginsulin analog.

Example B3 Solution of Fast-Acting Insulin Analog (Apidra®) at 100 IU/ml

This solution is a commercial solution of insulin glulisine sold by thecompany SANOFI-AVENTIS under the name Apidra®. This product is afast-acting insulin analog.

Example B4 Solution of Slow-Acting Insulin Analog (Lantus®) at 100 IU/ml

This solution is a commercial solution of insulin glargine sold by thecompany SANOFI-AVENTIS under the name Lantus®. This product is aslow-acting insulin analog.

Example B5 Solution of Human Insulin (ActRapid®) at 100 IU/ml

This solution is a commercial solution of human insulin from NOVONORDISK sold under the name ActRapid®. This product is a human insulin.

Example B6 Solubilization of Insulin Glargine at 100 IU/ml and at pH 7Using a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid at the Concentration of 10 mg/ml

20 mg of a substituted co-polyamino acid chosen from those described inTable 1 are accurately weighed out. This lyophilisate is taken up with 2ml of the solution of insulin glargine of example B4 in order to obtaina solution of which the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acidis equal to 10 mg/ml as described in Table 2. After mechanical stirringon rollers at room temperature, the solution becomes clear. The pH ofthis solution is 6.3. The pH is adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 N sodiumhydroxide solution. This clear solution is filtered through a membrane(0.22 μm) and is then placed at +4° C.

The solubilization test according to the above protocol was carried outwith co-polyamino acids 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. These solutions arereferenced in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Solutions according to example B6 with co-polyamino acids 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 at a concentration of 10 mg/ml SubstitutedConcentration of co-polyamino substituted co-polyamino Solution exampleB6 acid acid B6(a) 1 10 mg/ml B6(b) 2 10 mg/ml B6(c) 3 10 mg/ml B6(d) 410 mg/ml B6(e) 5 10 mg/ml B6(f) 6 10 mg/ml B6(g) 7 10 mg/ml B6(h) 8 10mg/ml

Generalization: Clear solutions of insulin glargine at 100 IU/ml and atpH 7 were also obtained with concentrations of substituted co-polyaminoacids of 20, 40 or 60 mg/ml according to the same protocol as thatdescribed in example B6. Thus, a weight of lyophilized substitutedco-polyamino acid among those described in Table 1 is accurately weighedout. This lyophilisate is taken up with the solution of insulin glargineof example B4 so as to obtain a solution of which the concentration ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid is 20, 40 or 60 mg/ml as described inTable 3. After mechanical stirring on rollers at room temperature, thesolution becomes clear. The pH of this solution is less than 7. The pHis then adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. This clearfinal solution is filtered through a membrane (0.22 μm) and is thenplaced at +4° C.

TABLE 3 Preparation of a solution of insulin glargine at 100 IU/ml andat pH 7 using a substituted co-polyamino acid at the concentration of10, 20, 40 or 60 mg/ml Final concentration Weight of substituted Addedvolume of the of substituted co- co-polyamino acid solution of insulinpolyamino acid weighed out glargine of example B4 (mg/ml) (mg) (ml) 1020 2 20 40 2 40 80 2 60 120 2

Example B7 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Glulisine Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinGlulisine Ratio of 75/25 at pH 7

0.25 ml of the solution of insulin glulisine of example B3 is added to0.75 ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulinglargine prepared according to the protocol described in example B6(a),so as to form 1 ml of a composition at pH 7. The composition is clear,attesting to the good solubility of the insulin glargine and the insulinglulisine under these formulation conditions. This clear solution isfiltered through 0.22 μm and is then placed at +4° C.

Example B8 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinLispro Ratio of 75/25 at pH 7

0.25 ml of the solution of insulin lispro of example B2 is added to 0.75ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargineprepared according to the protocol described in example B6(a), so as toform 1 ml of a composition at pH 7. The composition is clear, attestingto the good solubility of the insulin glargine and of the insulin lisprounder these formulation conditions. This clear solution is filteredthrough 0.22 μm and is then placed at +4° C.

Example B9 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Aspart Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinAspart Ratio of 75/25 at pH 7

0.25 ml of the solution of insulin aspart of example B1 is added to 0.75ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargineprepared in example B6(a), so as to form 1 ml of a composition at pH 7.The composition is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulin glargine and of the insulin aspart under these formulationconditions. This clear solution is filtered through 0.22 μm and is thenplaced at +4° C.

Example B10 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Human Insulin Composition with an Insulin Glargine/HumanInsulin Ratio of 75/25 at pH 7

0.25 ml of the solution of human insulin of example B5 is added to 0.75ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargineprepared in example B6(a), so as to form 1 ml of a composition at pH 7.The composition is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulin glargine and of the human insulin under these formulationconditions. This clear solution is filtered through 0.22 μm and is thenplaced at +4° C.

Example B11 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Glulisine Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinGlulisine Ratio of 60/40 at pH 7

0.4 ml of the solution of insulin glulisine of example B3 is added to0.6 ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulinglargine prepared in example B6(a), so as to form 1 ml of a compositionat pH 7. The composition is clear, attesting to the good solubility ofthe insulin glargine and of the insulin glulisine under theseformulation conditions. This clear solution is filtered through 0.22 μmand is then placed at +4° C.

Example B12 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Glulisine Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinGlulisine Ratio of 40/60 at pH 7

0.6 ml of the solution of insulin glulisine of example B3 is added to0.4 ml of the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulinglargine prepared in example B6(a), so as to form 1 ml of a compositionat pH 7. The composition is clear, attesting to the good solubility ofthe insulin glargine and of the insulin glulisine under theseformulation conditions. This clear solution is filtered through 0.22 μmand is then placed at +4° C.

Example B13 Precipitation of Insulin Glargine

1 ml of the solution of insulin glargine of example B4 is added to 2 mlof a solution of PBS (phosphate buffered saline) containing 20 mg/ml ofBSA (bovine serum albumin). The PBS/BSA mixture simulates thecomposition of the subcutaneous medium. A precipitate appears, which isin good agreement with the mechanism by which insulin glargine functions(precipitation at the injection due to the increase in pH).

Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The result of this is that the insulinglargine is predominantly found in a precipitated form.

Example B14 Precipitation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine Composition

1 ml of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargine solutionprepared in example B6(a) is added to 2 ml of a solution of PBScontaining 20 mg/ml of BSA (bovine serum albumin). The PBS/BSA mixturesimulates the composition of the subcutaneous medium. A precipitateappears.

Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The result of this is that the insulinglargine is predominantly found in a precipitated form.

Solubilization and precipitation tests identical to those described inexample B6(a) and B14 were carried out with other substitutedco-polyamino acids at the same concentration of 10 mg/ml of substitutedco-polyamino acid for 100 IU/ml of insulin glargine solution. The resultof this is that, for all the compositions B6(b) to B6(h), the insulinglargine is predominantly found in a precipitated form after theaddition of 1 ml of the composition to 2 ml of a solution of PBScontaining 20 mg/ml of BSA (bovine serum albumin). The results aresummarized in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Tests for solubilization and for precipitation of a substitutedco-polyamino acid/insulin glargine composition Substituted co-Solubilization Precipitation polyamino acid of insulin of insulin (10mg/ml) glargine glargine 1 yes yes 2 yes yes 3 yes yes 4 yes yes 5 yesyes 6 yes yes 7 yes yes 8 yes yes

Example B15 Precipitation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 1/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Glulisine Composition with an Insulin Glargine/InsulinGlulisine Ratio of 75/25 at pH 7

1 ml of the substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargine/insulinglulisine 75/25 composition prepared according to the protocol ofexample B7 is added to 2 ml of a solution of PBS containing 20 mg/ml ofBSA (bovine serum albumin). The PBS/BSA mixture simulates thecomposition of the subcutaneous medium. A precipitate appears.

Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The result of this is that the insulinglargine is predominantly found in a precipitated form.

Example B16 Precipitation of Various Compositions while Varying theNature of the Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid

Other insulin glargine precipitation tests under the same conditions asthose of example B15 were carried out in the presence of otherco-polyamino acids.

The results are collated in Table 5 below and it is observed that thesolubilization and the precipitation of the insulin glargine arepreserved.

TABLE 5 Tests for solubilization and for precipitation of a substitutedco-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin glulisine 75/25 compositionat pH 7 Solubilization of Precipitation Substituted co- insulinglargine/insulin of insulin polyamino acid glulisine 75/25 glargine 1yes yes 2 yes yes 3 yes yes 4 yes yes 5 yes yes 6 yes yes 7 yes yes 8yes yes

Example B17 Precipitation of Various Compositions while Varying theNature of the Prandial Insulin

Compositions are prepared by mixing 0.75 ml of the solution ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargine prepared according tothe protocol of example B6(a) with 0.25 ml of a prandial insulin, so asto form 1 ml of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulinglargine/prandial insulin composition (containing 7.5 mg/ml ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid 1, 75 IU/ml of insulin glargine and 25IU/ml of prandial insulin).

This composition is added to 2 ml of PBS containing 20 mg/ml of BSA(bovine serum albumin). The PBS/BSA mixture simulates the composition ofthe subcutaneous medium. A precipitate appears. Centrifugation at 4000rpm is carried out in order to separate the precipitate from thesupernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayed in the supernatant byRP-HPLC. The result of this is that the insulin glargine is foundpredominantly in a precipitated form. In the presence of the 4 prandialinsulins tested, the insulin glargine precipitates from the PBS/BSAmixture. The results are collated in Table 6.

TABLE 6 Tests for solubilization and for precipitation of a substitutedco- polyamino acid 1/insulin glargine/prandial insulin 75/25 compositionSolubilization of Precipitation insulin glargine/prandial of insulinNature of the prandial insulin insulin 75/25 glargine Insulin glulisine(Apidra ®) yes yes Insulin aspart (NovoLog ®) yes yes Insulin lispro(Humalog ®) yes yes Human insulin (ActRapid ®) yes yes

Example B18 Preparation of a Concentrated Solution of Slow-ActingInsulin Analog (Glargine)

A commercial solution of insulin glargine sold by the companySANOFI-AVENTIS under the name Lantus® is concentrated by ultrafiltrationon a 3 kDa regenerated cellulose membrane (Amicon® Ultra-15 sold by thecompany Millipore). At the end of this ultrafiltration step, theconcentration of insulin glargine is assayed in the retentate byreverse-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The final concentrationof insulin glargine is then adjusted by adding a commercial solution ofglargine at 100 IU/ml, so as to obtain the desired final concentration.This process makes it possible to obtain concentrated solutions ofglargine denoted C_(insulin glargine) at various concentrations greaterthan 100 IU/ml, such that C_(insulin glargine)=200, 250, 300 and 333IU/ml. The concentrated solutions are filtered through 0.22 μm and thenstored at +4° C.

Example B19 Dialysis of a Commercial Solution of Fast-Acting InsulinAnalog (Insulin Lispro)

A commercial solution of insulin lispro sold by the company ELI LILLYunder the name Humalog® is dialyzed by ultrafiltration on a 3 kDaregenerated cellulose membrane (Amicon® Ultra-15 sold by the companyMillipore). The dialysis is carried out in a 1 mM phosphate buffer at pH7. At the end of this dialysis step, the concentrationC_(insulin lispro) dialyzed in the retentate is determined byreverse-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The dialyzed solution isstored in a freezer at −80° C.

Example B20 Lyophilization of a Solution of Fast-Acting Insulin Analog(Insulin Lispro) in its Commercial Form

A volume V_(Humalog) of a solution of fast-acting insulin lispro at aconcentration of 100 IU/ml in its commercial form is placed in aLyogard® tray sterilized beforehand in an autoclave. The Lyogard® trayis placed in a freezer at −80° C. for approximately 1 h and thenlyophilization is carried out with the parameters of temperature 20° C.and pressure 0.31 mbar.

The resulting sterile lyophilisate is stored at room temperature.

Example B21 Lyophilization of a Commercial Solution of Fast-ActingInsulin Analog (Insulin Lispro) which has been Dialyzed

A volume V_(dialyzed Humalog) of a solution of fast-acting insulinlispro obtained according to example B19 at a concentration ofC_(dialyzed lispro) is placed in a Lyogard® tray sterilized beforehandin an autoclave. The Lyogard® tray is placed in a freezer at −80° C. forapproximately 1 h and then lyophilization is carried out with theparameters of temperature 20° C. and pressure 0.31 mbar.

The resulting sterile lyophilisate is stored at room temperature.

Example B22 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid/GlargineComposition at pH 7 Using Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5, According toa Process Using Glargine in Liquid Form (in Solution) and a Co-PolyaminoAcid in Solid Form (Lyophilized)

A weight W_(co-polyamino acid) of co-polyamino acid 5 is accuratelyweighed out. This lyophilisate is taken up with a volume V_(glargine) ofa concentrated solution of glargine prepared according to example B18 soas to obtain a composition having a co-polyamino acid concentrationC_(co-polyamino acid) (mg/ml)=w_(co-polyamino acid)/V_(insulin glargine)and an insulin glargine concentration C_(insulin glargine) (IU/ml). Thesolution is opalescent. The pH of this solution is approximately 6.3.The pH is adjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH and then thesolution is placed statically in an incubator at 37° C. forapproximately 1 hour until complete solubilization is obtained. A volumeV_(co-polyamino) acid/insulin glargine of this visually clear solutionis placed at +4° C.

Example B23 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/GlargineComposition at pH 7 Using a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5, Accordingto a Process Using Glargine in Liquid Form (in Solution) and aCo-Polyamino Acid in Liquid Form (in Solution)

Concentrated solutions of m-cresol, glycerol and Tween® 20 are added toa stock solution of co-polyamino acid 5 at pH 7 having a concentrationC_(co-polyamino acid stock), so as to obtain a solution of co-polyaminoacid of concentration C_(co-polyamino acid stock/excipients) (mg/ml) inthe presence of these excipients at contents equivalent to thosedescribed in the commercial solution Lantus® in a 10 ml bottle.

In a sterile pot, a volume V_(Lantus) of a commercial solution ofslow-acting insulin glargine sold under the name Lantus® at aconcentration of 100 IU/ml is added to a volumeV_(co-polyamino acid stock/excipients) of a solution of co-polyaminoacid at the concentration C_(co-polyamino acid stock/excipients)(mg/ml). Cloudiness appears. The pH is adjusted to pH 7 by addingconcentrated NaOH and the solution is placed statically in an incubatorat 37° C. for approximately 1 h until complete solubilization isobtained. This visually clear solution is placed at +4° C.

Example B24 Preparation of a Concentrated Co-Polyamino Acid 5/GlargineComposition at pH=7 Using a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5, Accordingto a Process for Concentrating a Dilute Solution

A dilute co-polyamino acid 5/glargine composition at pH 7 described inexample B23 is concentrated by ultrafiltration on a 3 kDa regeneratedcellulose membrane (Amicon® Ultra-15 sold by the company Millipore). Atthe end of this ultrafiltration step, the retentate is clear and theconcentration of insulin glargine in the composition is determined byreverse-phase chromatography (RP-HPLC). If necessary, the concentrationof insulin glargine in the composition is then adjusted to the desiredvalue by dilution in a solution of m-cresol/glycerol/Tween®20 excipientshaving, for each entity, a concentration equivalent to that described inthe commercial solution Lantus® (in a 10 ml bottle). This solution at pH7, which is visually clear, and which has a glargine concentrationC_(glargine) (IU/ml) and a co-polyamino acid concentrationC_(co-polyamino acid) (mg/ml), is placed at +4° C.

Example B25 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7, from a Lyophilisate ofFast-Acting Insulin Lispro in its Commercial Form (Humalog®)

A volume V_(co-polyamino acid/glargine) of solution of co-polyamino acid5/glargine pH 7, having a glargine concentration C_(insulin glargine)(IU/ml) and a co-polyamino acid 5 concentration C_(co-polyamino acid)(mg/ml), prepared according to example B22, is added to a lyophilisateof insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization of a volumeV_(insulin lispro), the preparation of which is described in exampleB20, such that the ratio V_(co-polyamino) acid/insulinglargine/V_(insulin lispro)=100/C_(insulin lispro) whereC_(insulin lispro) is the concentration of insulin lispro (IU/ml)targeted in the composition. The solution is clear. The zinc content ofthe formulation is adjusted to the desired concentration C_(zinc) (μM)by adding a concentrated solution of zinc chloride. The final pH isadjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of glargineand insulin lispro under these formulation conditions. This solution isfiltered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C.

Example B26 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid5/Glargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7, from a Lyophilisate of aFast-Acting Insulin Lispro Obtained by Dialysis of a Commercial Solution(Humalog®)

A volume V_(co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine) of solution ofco-polyamino acid 5/glargine pH 7, having a glargine concentrationC_(insulin glargine) (IU/ml) and a co-polyamino acid 5 concentrationC_(co-polyamino acid) (mg/ml), prepared according to example B22, isadded to a lyophilisate of insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization ofa volume V_(dialyzed insulin lispro) the preparation of which isdescribed in example B21, such that the ratioV_(co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine)/V_(dialyzed insulin lispro)=C_(dialyzed insulin lispro)/C_(insulin lispro)where C_(dialyzed insulin lispro) is the concentration of insulin lispro(IU/ml) obtained at the end of the dialysis of the commercial solution,which step is described in example B19, and C_(insulin lispro) is theconcentration of insulin lispro (IU/ml) targeted in the composition. Thesolution is clear. The zinc content of the formulation is adjusted tothe desired concentration C_(zinc) (μM) by adding a concentratedsolution of zinc chloride. The final pH is adjusted to 7 by addingconcentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulins glargine and lispro under these formulation conditions. Thissolution is filtered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C.

Example B27 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7 Having a GlargineConcentration of 200 IU/ml and an Insulin Lispro Concentration of 66IU/ml (Proportion as Percentage of Insulin: Glargine/Insulin Lispro75/25)

A concentrated solution of insulin glargine at 200 IU/ml is preparedaccording to example B18. A composition of co-polyamino acid 5 (20mg/ml)/insulin glargine 200 IU/ml, pH 7, is prepared from co-polyaminoacid 5 and according to the method of preparation described in exampleB22. This co-polyamino acid 5/insulin glargine 200 IU/ml composition isadded to a lyophilisate of insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization ofthe solution of fast-acting analog in its commercial form, according tothe method of preparation described in example B25. The solution isclear. The zinc content of the formulation is adjusted to the desiredconcentration by adding a concentrated solution of zinc chloride. Thefinal pH is adjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulins glargine and lispro under these formulation conditions. Thissolution is filtered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C.

This composition is described in Table 11.

Substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocompositions at pH 7 were also prepared with other co-polyamino acidsaccording to a method of preparation identical to that described inexample B27 with a concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid of atmost 40 mg/ml. These formulations are clear, attesting to the goodsolubility of the insulins glargine and lispro under these formulationconditions. These compositions result in the examples listed in Table 7.

TABLE 7 Exam- Substituted co- ple polyamino acid B28 3 B29 4 B30 7 B31 8

Example B32 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7 Having a GlargineComposition of 300 IU/ml and an Insulin Lispro Concentration of 100IU/ml (Proportion as Percentage of Insulin: Insulin Glargine/InsulinLispro 75/25)

A concentrated solution of insulin glargine at 300 IU/ml is preparedaccording to example B18. A co-polyamino acid 5 (10 mg/ml)/insulinglargine 300 IU/ml composition, pH 7, is prepared from co-polyamino acid5 and according to the method of preparation described in example B22.This co-polyamino acid 5/glargine 300 IU/ml composition is added to alyophilisate of insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization of thesolution of fast-acting analog in its commercial form, according to themethod of preparation described in example B25. The solution is clear.The zinc content of the formulation is adjusted to the desiredconcentration by adding a concentrated solution of zinc chloride. Thefinal pH is adjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulins glargine and lispro under these formulation conditions. Thissolution is filtered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C. Thiscomposition is described in Table 7.

Substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocompositions at pH 7 were also prepared with other co-polyamino acidsaccording to a method of preparation identical to that described inexample B32 with a concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid of atmost 40 mg/ml. These formulations are clear, attesting to the goodsolubility of the insulins glargine and lispro under these formulationconditions. These compositions result in the examples listed in Table 8.

TABLE 8 Exam- Substituted co- ple polyamino acid B33 2 B34 3 B35 7 B36 8

Example B37 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7 Having an Insulin GlargineConcentration of 250 IU/ml and an Insulin Lispro Concentration of 150IU/ml (Proportion as Percentage of Insulin: Insulin Glargine/InsulinLispro 63/37)

A concentrated solution of insulin glargine at 250 IU/ml is preparedaccording to example B18. A co-polyamino acid 5 (25 mg/ml)/glargine 250IU/ml composition at pH 7 is prepared from co-polyamino acid 5 andaccording to the method of preparation described in example B22. Thisco-polyamino acid 5/glargine 250 IU/ml composition is added to alyophilisate of insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization of thesolution of fast-acting analog in its commercial form, according to themethod of preparation described in example B25. The solution is clear.The zinc content of the formulation is adjusted to the desiredconcentration by adding a concentrated solution of zinc chloride. Thefinal pH is adjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulins glargine and lispro under these formulation conditions. Thissolution is filtered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C.

This composition is described in Table 11.

Substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocompositions at pH 7 were also prepared with other co-polyamino acidsaccording to a method of preparation identical to that described inexample B37 with a concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid of atmost 40 mg/ml. These formulations are clear, attesting to the goodsolubility of the insulins glargine and lispro under these formulationconditions. These compositions result in the examples listed in Table 9.

TABLE 9 Exam- Substituted co- ple polyamino acid B38 3 B39 7 B40 8

Example B41 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid 5/InsulinGlargine/Insulin Lispro Composition at pH 7 Having an Insulin GlargineConcentration of 333 IU/ml and an Insulin Lispro Concentration of 67IU/ml (Proportion as Percentage of Insulin: Insulin Glargine/InsulinLispro 83/17)

A concentrated solution of insulin glargine at 333 IU/ml is preparedaccording to example B18. A co-polyamino acid 5 (33 mg/ml)/insulinglargine 333 IU/ml composition, at pH 7, is prepared from co-polyaminoacid 5 and according to the method of preparation described in exampleB22. This co-polyamino acid 5/insulin glargine 333 IU/ml composition isadded to a lyophilisate of insulin lispro obtained by lyophilization ofthe solution of fast-acting analog in its commercial form, according tothe method of preparation described in example B25. The solution isclear. The zinc content of the formulation is adjusted to the desiredconcentration by adding a concentrated solution of zinc chloride. Thefinal pH is adjusted to 7 by adding concentrated NaOH or HCl.

The formulation is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulins glargine and lispro under these formulation conditions. Thissolution is filtered through 0.22 μm and placed at +4° C.

This composition is described in Table 11.

Substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocompositions at pH 7 were also prepared with other co-polyamino acidsaccording to a method of preparation identical to that described inexample B41 with a concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid of atmost 40 mg/ml. These formulations are clear, attesting to the goodsolubility of the insulins glargine and lispro under these formulationconditions. These compositions result in the examples listed in Table10.

TABLE 10 Exam- Substituted co- ple polyamino acid B42 3 B43 7 B44 8

Example B45 Precipitation of Various Substituted Co-PolyaminoAcid/Insulin Glargine/Insulin Lispro Compositions at pH 7 Having VariousConcentrations of Insulins Glargine and Lispro and Various RelativeProportions of the 2 Insulins

1 ml of substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocomposition prepared in examples B27 to B44 is added to 2 ml of asolution of PBS containing 20 mg/ml of BSA (bovine serum albumin). ThePBS/BSA mixture simulates the composition of the subcutaneous medium. Aprecipitate appears. Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in orderto separate the precipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulinglargine is assayed in the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The result of this isthat the insulin glargine is found predominantly in a precipitated form.

The solubilization and precipitation results are summarized in Table 11.

TABLE 11 Tests for solubilization and for precipitation of varioussubstituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine/insulin lisprocompositions at pH 7 having various concentrations of insulin glargineand lispro and various relative proportions of the 2 insulins Solu- Sub-C_(insulin) bilization stituted _(glargine)/ of insulin Precip- co-C_(insulin) C_(insulin) C_(insulin) glargine and itation Exam- polyamino_(glargine) _(lispro) _(lispro) insulin lispro of insulin ple acid(IU/ml) (IU/ml) (%/%) at pH 7 glargine B28 3 200 66 75/25 YES YES B29 4200 66 75/25 YES YES B27 5 200 66 75/25 YES YES B30 7 200 66 75/25 YESYES B31 8 200 66 75/25 YES YES B33 2 300 100 75/25 YES YES B34 3 300 10075/25 YES YES B32 5 300 100 75/25 YES YES B35 7 300 100 75/25 YES YESB36 8 300 100 75/25 YES YES B38 3 250 150 63/37 YES YES B37 5 250 15063/37 YES YES B39 7 250 150 63/37 YES YES B40 8 250 150 63/37 YES YESB41 5 333 67 83/17 YES YES B42 3 333 67 83/17 YES YES B43 7 333 67 83/17YES YES B44 8 333 67 83/17 YES YES

Part C: Demonstration of the Properties of the Compositions Comprising aGLP-1 Analog or Derivative According to the Invention Example C1Solution of GLP-1 analog exenatide (Byetta®) at 0.25 mg/ml

This solution is a solution of exenatide sold by the company ELI LILLYand Company under the name Byetta®.

Example C2 Solution of GLP-1 derivative liraglutide (Victoza®) at 6mg/ml

This solution is a solution of liraglutide sold by the company NOVONORDISK under the name Victoza®.

Example C3 Preparation of a Lantus®/Byetta® 70/30 composition at pH 7.5

0.09 ml of the solution of exenatide of example C1 is added to 0.21 mlof the solution of insulin glargine of example B4, so as to obtain 0.3ml of a composition of which the pH is 4.5 on mixing. The compositioncontaining 70 IU/ml of insulin glargine and 0.075 mg/ml of exenatide isclear, attesting to the good solubility of the insulin glargine and ofthe exenatide under these formulation conditions (pH 4.5). The pH isthen adjusted to 7.5 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. Thecomposition then becomes cloudy, attesting to the poor solubility of theinsulin glargine/exenatide composition at pH 7.5.

Lantus®/Byetta® 70/30 compositions were also prepared at pH4.5-5.5-6.5-8.5 and 9.5 according to a protocol similar to thatdescribed in example C3. For each of these compositions, 0.09 ml of thesolution of exenatide of example C1 is added to 0.21 ml of the solutionof insulin glargine of example B4, so as to obtain 0.3 ml of acomposition of which the pH is 4.5 on mixing. The composition is clear,attesting to the good solubility of the insulin glargine and of theexenatide under these formulation conditions (pH 4.5). The pH isadjusted to 5.5 or 6.5 or 8.5 or 9.5 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxidesolution. After adjustment of the pH, the composition at pH 5.5 isslightly cloudy, the compositions at pH 6.5 and 8.5 are very cloudy andthe composition at pH 9.5 is clear. These compositions are placed at +4°C. for 48 h. After 48 h at +4° C., only the composition at pH 4.5remains clear. The visual appearance after 48 h of the Lantus®/Byetta®70/30 compositions at various pHs is summarized in Table 12.

TABLE 12 Visual appearance after 48 h at 4° C. of the Lantus ®/ Byetta ®70/30 compositions at various pHs Lantus ®/Byetta ® 70/30 compositionsat various pHs pH Visual appearance at t = 48 h 4.5 Clear 5.5 Presenceof a precipitate 6.5 Presence of a precipitate 7.5 Presence of aprecipitate 8.5 Presence of a precipitate 9.5 Presence of a precipitate

Example C4 Preparation of a Lantus®/Victoza® 70/30 composition at pH 7.5

0.09 ml of the solution of liraglutide of example C2 is added to 0.21 mlof the solution of insulin glargine of example B4, so as to obtain 0.3ml of a composition of which the pH is 7 on mixing. The compositioncontaining 70 IU/ml of insulin glargine and 1.8 mg/ml of liraglutide iscloudy, attesting to the poor solubility of the insulinglargine/liraglutide composition under these formulation conditions. ThepH is adjusted to 7.5 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. Afteradjustment of the pH, the composition remains cloudy. This compositionis placed at +4° C. for 48 h.

Lantus®/Victoza® 70/30 compositions were also prepared at pH 4.5, 5.5,6.5, 8.5 and 9.5 according to a protocol similar to that described inexample C4. For each of these compositions, 0.09 ml of the solution ofliraglutide of example C2 is added to 0.21 ml of the solution of insulinglargine of example B4, so as to obtain 0.3 ml of a composition of whichthe pH is 7. The composition is cloudy, attesting to the poor solubilityof the insulin glargine/liraglutide composition under these formulationconditions (pH 7). The pH is adjusted to 4.5 or 5.5 or 6.5 with a 0.1 Nhydrochloric acid solution or to pH 9.5 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxidesolution. After adjustment of the pH, the compositions at pH 4.5-5.5-6.5and 8.5 are cloudy, attesting to the poor solubility of the insulinglargine/liraglutide composition under these formulation conditions.These compositions are placed at +4° C. for 48 h. After 48 h at 4° C.,only the composition at pH 9.5 is clear. The visual appearance after 48h of the Lantus®/Victoza® 70/30 compositions at various pHs issummarized in Table 13.

TABLE 13 Visual appearance after 48 h at 4° C. of the Lantus ®/Victoza ® 70/30 compositions at various pHs Lantus ®/Victoza ® 70/30compositions at various pHs pH Visual appearance at t = 48 h 4.5Presence of a precipitate 5.5 Presence of a precipitate 6.5 Presence ofa precipitate 7.5 Presence of a precipitate 8.5 Presence of aprecipitate 9.5 Clear

Example C5 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid1/Lantus®/Byetta® Composition with a Lantus®/Byetta® Ratio of 70/30 atpH 7

0.09 ml of the solution of exenatide of example C1 is added to 0.21 mlof the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargineprepared according to the protocol of example B6(a), so as to obtain 0.3ml of a composition at pH 5.3. The pH is adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 Nsodium hydroxide solution. The composition containing 7 mg/ml ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid 1, 70 IU/ml of insulin glargine and 0.075mg/ml of exenatide is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulin glargine and of the exenatide in the presence of the substitutedco-polyamino acid 1 at pH 7. This clear solution is placed at +4° C.

Generalization: Substituted co-polyamino acid/Lantus®/Byetta®compositions at pH 7 were also prepared at V_(Lantus)/V_(Byetta) volumeratios of 90/10, 50/50 and 30/70 according to the same protocol as thatdescribed in example C5. Thus, a volume V_(Byetta) of the solution ofexenatide of example C1 is added to a volumeV_(co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine) of the solution of substitutedco-polyamino acid/insulin glargine prepared according to the protocol ofexample B6, so as to obtain a composition of which the pH is adjusted to7 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. The compositions obtained (seeTable 14) are clear, attesting to the good solubility of the insulinglargine and of the exenatide in the presence of a substitutedco-polyamino acid 1 at pH 7. These clear solutions are placed at +4° C.

Example C6 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid1/Lantus®/Byetta® Composition with a Lantus®/Byetta® Ratio of 100/50 atpH 7

0.150 ml of the solution of exenatide of example C1 is lyophilized, then0.3 ml of a solution of substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargineprepared according to the protocol of example B6(a) is added to thelyophilisate in order to obtain a composition of which the pH isadjusted to 7 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. The compositioncontaining 10 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid 1, 100 IU/ml ofinsulin glargine and 0.125 mg/ml of exenatide is clear, attesting to thegood solubility of the insulin glargine and of the exenatide in thepresence of substituted co-polyamino acid 1 at pH 7. This clear solutionis placed at +4° C.

TABLE 14 Final insulin glargine, substituted co-polyamino acid 1 andexenatide concentrations of the compositions obtained in examples C5 andC6 Insulin [Substituted co- glargine polyamino acid 1] ExenatideV_(Lantus)/V_(Byetta) mg/ml (mg/ml) (mg/ml) 100/50  3.5 10 0.125 90/103.15 9 0.025 70/30 2.45 7 0.075 50/50 1.75 5 0.125 30/70 1.05 3 0.175

Example C7 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid1/Lantus®/Victoza® Composition with a Lantus®/Victoza® Ratio of 70/30 atpH 7

0.09 ml of the solution of liraglutide of example C2 is added to 0.21 mlof the solution of substituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargineprepared according to the protocol of example B6(a), so as to obtain 0.3ml of a composition at pH 7.6. The pH is adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 Nhydrochloric acid solution. The composition containing 7 mg/ml ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid 1, 70 IU/ml of insulin glargine and 1.8mg/ml of liraglutide is clear, attesting to the good solubility of theinsulin glargine and of the liraglutide in the presence of substitutedco-polyamino acid 1 at pH 7. This clear solution is placed at +4° C. Thefinal composition obtained is summarized in Table 15.

Generalization: Substituted co-polyamino acid/Lantus®/Victoza®compositions at pH 7 were also prepared at V_(Lantus)/V_(Victoza) volumeratios of 90/10, 50/50 and 30/70 according to the same protocol as thatdescribed in example C7. Thus, a volume V_(victoza) of the solution ofliraglutide of example C2 is added to a volumeV_(co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine) of the solution of substitutedco-polyamino acid 1/insulin glargine at a concentration of co-polyaminoacid of 40 mg/ml, prepared according to the protocol of example B6, soas to obtain a composition of which the pH is adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 Nhydrochloric acid solution.

The compositions obtained (see Table 15) are clear, attesting to thegood solubility of the insulin glargine and of the liraglutide in thepresence of a substituted co-polyamino acid at pH 7. These clearsolutions are placed at +4° C.

TABLE 15 Final insulin glargine, substituted co-polyamino acid 1 andliraglutide concentrations of the compositions obtained in example C7Insulin [Substituted co- glargine polyamino acid 1] LiraglutideV_(Lantus)/V_(Victoza) mg/ml (mg/ml) (mg/ml) 90/10 3.15 36 0.6 70/302.45 28 1.8 50/50 1.75 20 3 30/70 1.05 12 4.2

Example C8 Preparation of a Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid1/Lantus®/Apidra®/Byetta® Composition with a Lantus®/Apidra®/Byetta®Ratio of 60/20/20 at pH 7

20 mg of lyophilized substituted co-polyamino acid 1 are accuratelyweighed out. This lyophilisate is taken up with 2 ml of the solution ofinsulin glargine of example B4. After mechanical stirring on rollers atroom temperature, the solution becomes clear. The pH of this solution is6.3. The pH is adjusted to 7 with a 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. 0.2ml of the solution of exenatide of example C1 and 0.2 ml of the solutionof insulin glulisine of example B3 are added to 0.6 ml of thesubstituted co-polyamino acid/insulin glargine solution previouslyprepared, so as to obtain 1 ml of a composition at pH 7. The compositioncontaining 6 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid 1, 60 IU/ml ofinsulin glargine, 20 IU/ml of glulisine and 0.05 mg/ml of exenatide isclear, attesting to the good solubility of the insulin glargine, of theinsulin glulisine and of the exenatide in the presence of substitutedco-polyamino acid 1 at pH 7. This clear solution is filtered throughmembrane (0.22 μm) and is then placed at +4° C.

Example C9 Precipitation of a Substituted Co-PolyaminoAcid/Lantus®/Byetta® Composition with a Lantus®/Byetta® Ratio of 70/30at pH 7

0.250 ml of the substituted co-polyamino acid/Lantus®/Byetta®composition prepared according to the protocol of example C5 is added to0.5 ml of a solution of PBS containing 20 mg/ml of BSA. The PBS/BSAmixture simulates the composition of the subcutaneous medium. Aprecipitate appears.

Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The insulin glargine is foundpredominantly in a precipitated form. The result is summarized in Table16.

Example C10 Precipitation of a Substituted Co-PolyaminoAcid/Lantus®/Victoza® Composition with a Lantus®/Victoza® Ratio of 70/30at pH 7

0.250 ml of the substituted co-polyamino acid 1/Lantus®/Victoza®composition prepared according to the protocol of example C7 is added to0.5 ml of a solution of PBS containing 20 mg/ml of BSA (bovine serumalbumin). The PBS/BSA mixture simulates the composition of thesubcutaneous medium. A precipitate appears.

Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The insulin glargine is foundpredominantly in a precipitated form. The result is given in Table 17.

Example C11 Precipitation of Various Compositions while Varying theNature of the Substituted Co-Polyamino Acid

Other tests under the same conditions as those described in examples C9and C10 were carried out in the presence of other substitutedco-polyamino acids and are respectively presented in Tables 16 and 17.

Results with at most 10 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid and aLantus®/Byetta® 70/30 composition at pH 7 are collated in Table 16below. It is observed that the solubilization and the precipitation ofthe insulin glargine are preserved.

TABLES 16 Results of the solubilization and precipitation tests obtainedwith at most 42 or 10 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid and aLantus ®/Byetta ® 70/30 composition at pH 7 Solubilization ofPrecipitation Lantus ®/Byetta ® of insulin 70/30 at pH 7 glargineSubstituted co-polyamino acid (at most 42 mg/ml) 8 yes yes Substitutedco-polyamino acid (at most 10 mg/ml) 1 yes yes 2 yes yes 3 yes yes 4 yesyes 7 yes yes 8 yes yes

Results with at most 40 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid and aLantus®/Victoza® 70/30 composition at pH 7 are collated in Table 17below. It is observed that the solubilization and the precipitation ofthe insulin glargine are preserved.

TABLES 17 Results of the solubilization and precipitation tests obtainedwith at most 40 or 42 mg/ml of substituted co-polyamino acid and aLantus ®/Victoza ® 70/30 composition at pH 7 Solubilization ofPrecipitation Lantus ®/Victoza ® of insulin 70/30 at pH 7 glargineSubstituted co-polyamino acid, at most 42 mg/ml 8 yes yes Substitutedco-polyamino acid, at most 40 mg/ml 1 yes yes 2 yes yes 3 yes yes 4 yesyes 7 yes yes 8 yes yes

Example C12 Precipitation of a Substituted Co-PolyaminoAcid/Lantus®/Apidra®/Byetta® 60/20/20 Composition at pH 7

0.250 ml of the substituted co-polyamino acid/Lantus®/Apidra®/Byetta®composition prepared in example C8 is added to 0.5 ml of a solution ofPBS containing 20 mg/ml of BSA. The PBS/BSA mixture simulates thecomposition of the subcutaneous medium. A precipitate appears.Centrifugation at 4000 rpm is carried out in order to separate theprecipitate from the supernatant. Next, the insulin glargine is assayedin the supernatant by RP-HPLC. The insulin glargine is foundpredominantly in a precipitated form.

Part D: Demonstration of the Pharmacodynamic Properties of theCompositions According to the Invention Example D1 Protocol forMeasuring the Pharmacodynamics of the Insulin Solutions

10 domestic pigs weighing approximately 50 kg, previously catheterizedat the level of the jugular, are deprived of food for 2.5 hours beforethe beginning of the experiment. During the hour preceding the insulininjection, 3 blood samples are taken in order to determine the basalglucose level.

The insulin injection is given subcutaneously in the neck, under the earof the animal using the Novopen insulin pen fitted with a 31 G needle.In the case of the double injection given as a control, an injection isgiven on each side of the neck.

Blood samples are then taken every 10 minutes for 1 hour and then every30 minutes up to 2 hours, and then every hour up to 16 hours. After eachsample is taken, the catheter is rinsed with a dilute heparin solution.

A drop of blood is taken in order to determine the blood glucose levelby means of a glucometer.

The glucose pharmacodynamics curves are then plotted and compared.

Example D2 Results of Pharmacodynamics of the Insulin Solutions

Co-poly- Num- Exam- amino ber of ples Insulin Doses acid pigs B2 B4Double Lispro 100 IU/ml 0.05 IU/kg — 10 injection Glargine 100 IU/ml0.15 IU/kg B32 Combined Lispro + glargine  0.2 IU/kg 5 8 injection (100IU/ml/300 IU/ml)

The pharmacodynamics results obtained with the formulations described inexamples B2 and B4 are given in FIG. 1. According to the invention, theanalysis of these curves shows (FIG. 1) that the combined insulinglargine (300 IU/ml)/insulin lispro (100 IU/ml) formulation at pH 7(triangles Δ) with co-polyamino acid 5 of example B32 as excipientbehaves similarly to the control double injection (solid squares ▪) offormulation B2 and B4. The drop in blood glucose level in the first 30minutes is similar for the two formulations, indicating that thepresence of co-polyamino acid 5 does not disrupt the fast nature of theinsulin lispro. Likewise, the profiles between 30 min and 4 hcorresponding to the end of the fast-acting insulin and between 4 h and16 h corresponding to the basal insulin are similar for the controldouble injection and for the formulation. The combination of the twoinsulins lispro and glargine in the presence of co-polyamino acid 5 doesnot therefore change the profile of these two insulins.

What is claimed is:
 1. A composition in the form of an injectableaqueous solution, the pH of which is between 6.0 and 8.0, comprising atleast: a) a basal insulin, the isoelectric point pI of which is between5.8 and 8.5; b) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges andsubstituted with hydrophobic groups, chosen from the co-polyamino acidsof formula I:

in which: A independently represents either a —CH₂— group (asparticunit) or a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit), R₁ is a radical chosen fromthe group consisting of an H, a linear C₂ to C₁₀ acyl group, a branchedC₃ to C₁₀ acyl group, a benzyl, a terminal “amino acid” unit and apyroglutamate, R₂ is an —NR′R″ radical, R′ and R″, which may beidentical or different, being chosen from the group consisting of H,linear or branched or cyclic C₂ to C₃₀ alkyls and benzyl, and said R′and R″ alkyls being alkyls which can together form one or moresaturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic rings which are carbon-basedand/or which can comprise heteroatoms, chosen from the group consistingof O, N and S, R′₃ is a radical chosen from the group consisting of theradicals of formulae —OR₃, II or II′:

in which * indicates the site of attachment of the co-polyamino acid R₃and R″₃, which may be identical or different, represent an H or acationic entity chosen from the group comprising metal cations, R is aradical chosen from the group consisting of a saturated or unsaturated,linear or branched C₈ to C₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or aC₈ to C₃₀ radical which can form rings which are carbon-based or whichcan comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/oraromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensed or peri-condensed,or a radical of formula III or III′ as defined below:

in which * indicates the site of attachment to the co-polyamino acid,and R₄ and R′₄, which may be identical or different, represent an H, acationic entity chosen from the group comprising metal cations, an R″₄radical or an R′″₄ radical, and at least one of R₄ and R′₄ is equal toR″₄. R″₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ toC₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical whichcan form rings which are carbon-based or which can comprise heteroatoms,which are saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possiblybeing ortho-condensed or peri-condensed, R′″₄ represents a saturated orunsaturated, linear or branched C₁ to C₇ radical which can compriseheteroatoms or a C₁ to C₇ radical which can form rings which arecarbon-based or which can comprise heteroatoms, which are saturated,unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possibly being ortho-condensedor peri-condensed, and B independently represents either a —CH₂— group(aspartic unit) or a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit), R₅ is a radicalchosen from the group consisting of an H, a linear or branched C₁ to C₄alkyl or a benzyl group, n/(n+m) is defined as the molar degree ofgrafting with hydrophobic radical of the monomeric units and is between1 and 50 mol %, n+m represents the degree of polymerization of theco-polyamino acid, i.e. the average number of monomeric units per chainof co-polyamino acid, and 5≦n+m≦1000.
 2. The composition as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the co-polyamino acid is chosen from the co-polyaminoacids of formula IV:

in which: A independently represents a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or a—CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit), R₁ is chosen from the group consistingof an H, a linear C₂ to C₁₀ acyl group, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ acyl group,a benzyl, a terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate, R₂ is an—NR′R″ radical, R′ and R″, which may be identical or different, beingchosen from the group consisting of H, linear or branched or cyclic C₂to C₁₀ alkyls and benzyl, and said R′ and R″ alkyls being alkyls whichcan together form saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic rings which arecarbon-based and/or which can comprise heteroatoms, chosen from thegroup consisting of O, N and S, the R₃ groups, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from the group consisting of an H or a cationicentity chosen from the group comprising metal cations, the R groups eachrepresent, independently from one another, a radical chosen from theradicals of general formula V or V′:

in which * indicates the site of attachment to the co-polyamino acid,and R₄ represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈ toC₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radical whichcan form rings which are carbon-based or which can comprise heteroatoms,which are saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic, said rings possiblybeing ortho-condensed or peri-condensed, B independently represents a—CH₂— group (aspartic unit) or a —CH₂—CH₂— group (glutamic unit), R₅independently represents an H, a linear or branched C₁ to C₄ alkyl or abenzyl group, or R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₈to C₃₀ radical which can comprise heteroatoms or a C₈ to C₃₀ radicalwhich can form rings which are carbon-based or which can compriseheteroatoms, which are saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic, saidrings possibly being ortho-condensed or peri-condensed, n/(n+m) isdefined as the molar degree of grafting with hydrophobic radical of themonomeric units, and is between 1 and 50 mol %, n+m represents thedegree of polymerization of the co-polyamino acid, i.e. the averagenumber of monomeric units per chain of co-polyamino acid, and5≦n+m≦1000.
 3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein theco-polyamino acid is chosen from the co-polyamino acids of formula I orIV, in which the group A is a —CH₂— group (aspartic unit).
 4. Thecomposition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the co-polyamino acids offormula IV can also comprise monomeric units of formula VI″ and/or VI′:


5. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the co-polyamino acidis chosen from the co-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which thegroup A is a —CH₂—CH₂-group (glutamic unit).
 6. The composition asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R is chosen from thegroup of radicals derived from hydrophobic alcohols.
 7. The compositionas claimed in claim 1, wherein the R group is a tocopheryloxy-radical.8. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein R₂ is —N-morpholyl. 9.The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the R₂ group is a radicalderived from an amino acid and is chosen from the radicals of formulaVII:

in which: R₆ is —OH, —OR₉ or —NHR₁₀, and R₇, R′₇, R″₇, R₈, R′₈, R″₈, R₉and R₁₀, which may be identical or different, independently represent anH, a linear C₂ to C₁₀ alkyl, a branched C₃ to C₁₀ alkyl or a benzyl,with 0≦p≦3, 0≦q≦3, 0≦r≦3 and 1≦p+q+r≦10.
 10. The composition as claimedin claim 1, wherein the co-polyamino acid is chosen from theco-polyamino acids of formula I or IV, in which R₄, R′₄ and/or R″₄,which may be identical or different, are chosen from the group of theradicals derived from hydrophobic alcohols.
 11. The composition asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the R₄, R′₄ and/or R″₄ groups are radicalsderived from cholesterol.
 12. The composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein the R₅ group is an isobutyl radical.
 13. The composition asclaimed in claim 1, wherein n+m is between 10 and
 500. 14. Thecomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein n+m is between 15 and 250.15. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein n/(n+m) is between 1and 30 mol %.
 16. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein n/(n+m)is between 1 and 20 mol %.
 17. The composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein the basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8and 8.5, is insulin glargine.
 18. The composition as claimed in claim 1,which comprises between 40 and 500 IU/ml of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5.
 19. The compositionas claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of substitutedco-polyamino acid is at most 60 mg/ml.
 20. The composition as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the concentration of substituted co-polyamino acid isat most 40 mg/ml.
 21. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein theconcentration of substituted co-polyamino acid is at most 20 mg/ml. 22.The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration ofsubstituted co-polyamino acid is at most 10 mg/ml.
 23. The compositionas claimed in claim 1, which also comprises a prandial insulin.
 24. Thecomposition as claimed in claim 23, wherein the prandial insulin ishuman insulin.
 25. The composition as claimed in claim 23, whichcomprises in total between 40 and 500 IU/ml of insulin with acombination of prandial insulin and basal insulin, the isoelectric pointof which is between 5.8 and 8.5.
 26. The composition as claimed in claim23, wherein the proportions between the basal insulin, the isoelectricpoint of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and the prandial insulin are, asa percentage, 25/75, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, 80/20 or 90/10.27. The composition as claimed in claim 1, which also comprises a guthormone.
 28. The composition as claimed in claim 27, wherein the guthormone is chosen from the group consisting of exenatide, liraglutideand lixisenatide, their analogs or derivatives and theirpharmaceutically acceptable salts.
 29. The composition as claimed inclaim 27, wherein the gut hormone is exenatide, its analogs orderivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
 30. Thecomposition as claimed in claim 27, wherein the gut hormone isliraglutide, its analogs or derivatives and their pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts.
 31. The composition as claimed in claim 27, whereinthe gut hormone is lixisenatide, its analogs or derivatives and theirpharmaceutically acceptable salts.
 32. The composition as claimed inclaim 27, wherein the concentration of gut hormone is included in arange of from 0.01 to 10 mg/ml.
 33. The composition as claimed in claim27, which comprises between 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.05 to 0.5mg/ml of exenatide.
 34. The composition as claimed in claim 27, whichcomprises between 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 1 to 10mg/ml of liraglutide.
 35. The composition as claimed in claim 27, whichcomprises between 500 IU/ml and 40 IU/ml of basal insulin, theisoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and from 0.01 to 1mg/ml of lixisenatide.
 36. A single-dose formulation at a pH of between7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which isbetween 5.8 and 8.5, and a prandial insulin.
 37. A single-doseformulation at a pH of between 7 and 7.8, comprising a basal insulin,the isoelectric point of which is between 5.8 and 8.5, and a guthormone.
 38. A single-dose formulation at a pH of between 7 and 7.8,comprising a basal insulin, the isoelectric point of which is between5.8 and 8.5, a prandial insulin and a gut hormone.